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A Research Framework for the Archaeology of Wales
East and
North East Wales Archaeological Resource Audit
Early Medieval - key
sites
Agriculture and Subsistence
Hen Domen castle, field system, Montgomery, Powys
Area of ridge and furrow
beneath motte and bailey excavation. Pre-conquest field system (CPAT SMR PRN
50100)
Excavation Barker, PA /
1967(/ /) -
Barker, P A, 1968;
Barker, P A, 1969; Barker, P A, 1969; Barker, P A & Lawson, J, 1971;
Britnell, W J, Martin, C H R & Hankinson, R, 2000; Thomas, D, 1998; Wilson,
D M & Moorhouse, S, 1971;
Domestic
Cwrt Llechrhyd, Llanelwedd, Powys
Quadrangular moat with
Early Medieval C14 date between AD750 and AD1040. (CPAT SMR PRN 1605)
Excavation CPAT / 1983(/
/) -
Evaluation GGAT / 1995(/
/) -
Excavation GGAT / 1995(/
/) -
Burnham, H, 1995; Cadw,
1997; Musson, C R, 1983; Musson, C R & Spurgeon, C J, 1988; Owen, W G,
1993; Owen, W G, 1995; Owen, W G, 1995; RCAHM, 1913; Silvester, R J, 1994;
Thomas, D, 1995; Williams, J, 1858;
Dinorben hillfort, Abergele, Conwy
Evidence for Early
Medieval occupation of hillfort (CPAT SMR PRN 102004)
Excavation Gardner, W /
1912-22
Excavation Savory, H N /
1965-9
Excavation CPAT / 1983
Alcock, L, 1963;
Brassil, K S,; Brassil, K S, 1983; Brassil, K S, 1983; Brassil, K S, 1984;
Brassil, K S, 1984; Cadw, 1997; Davies, J, 1999; Davies, W, 1982; Fenton, R,
1917; Gardner, W, 1912; Gardner, W, 1912; Gardner, W, 1913; Gardner, W, 1913;
Gardner, W, 1915; Gardner, W, 1920; Gardner, W, 1921; Gardner, W, 1923;
Gardner, W, 1923; Gardner, W, 1926; Gardner, W, 1927; Gardner, W, 1947;
Guilbert, G, 1979; Guilbert, G, 1981; Guilbert, G C, 1977; Guilbert, G C, 1978;
Guilbert, G C, 1979; Guilbert, G C, 1979; Guilbert, G C, 1979; Guilbert, G C,
1979; Guilbert, G C, 1980; Guilbert, G C, 1981; Hughes, G, 1994; Lhuyd, E,
1699; Megaw, J V S, Megaw, M R & Trett, R, 1992; Pennant, T, 1883; RCAHM,
1914; Savory, H N, 1957; Savory, H N, 1957; Savory, H N, 1958; Savory, H N,
1959; Savory, H N, 1961; Savory, H N, 1965; Savory, H N, 1967; Savory, H N, 1969;
Savory, H N, 1970; Savory, H N, 1971; Savory, H N, 1971; Savory, H N, 1976;
Savory, H N, 1976; Savory, H N, 1980; Silvester, R J & Brassil, K S, 1991;
Unknown, 1949;
Dyffryn Lane 'houses', Berriew, Powys
A pair of 'boat shaped
house' cropmarks. Inconclusive
excavations of 1983 but very similar to early medieval building footprint.
(CPAT SMR PRN 5928)
Excavation Arnold, CJ
& Reilly / 1983(/ /) -
Arnold, J A, Reilly, P
& Arnold, C, 1983; Gibson, A, 1995; Reilly, P J, Arnold, J A &
Arnold,C, 1983; Thomas, D, 1998;
Forden Gaer, ailsed hall, Powys
Double post alignment,
formerly though to be prehistoric, but revealed by excavation to be post roman
aisled building (CPAT SMR PRN 4086)
Excavation CPAT / 1987(/
/) -
Blockley, K, 1987;
Blockley, K, Owen, G & Owen, W, 1990; Britnell, W J, Martin, C H R &
Hankinson, R, 2000; Crew, P, 1980; Thomas, D, 1998;
Hen Domen castle, building, Montgomery, Powys
Foundation of building
6.7 metres by 4.5 metres sealed by pre conquest ridge and furrow under castle rampart.
(CPAT SMR PRN 50099)
Excavation Unknown /
1960ff(/ /) -
Barker, P A, 1969;
Barker, P A, 1969; Barker, P A, 1970; Barker, P A, 1970; Barker, P A, 1971;
Barker, P A & Higham, R, 1982; Barker, P A & Lawson, J, 1971; Britnell,
W J, Martin, C H R & Hankinson, R, 2000; Higham, R & Barker, P, 2000;
James, S, Marshall, A & Millett, M, 1984;
Llangors Crannog, Powys
Crannog of small stones
revetted with piles and planks Historical association with the kings of
Brycheiniog in the 8th century: In AD916 the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records the
destruction of Brecananmere. Partial excavations in 1868 by Dumbleton yielded
finds of animals bones, pottery, leather, bronze and a rubbing stone (all of
which are now lost), extensive excavation University of Wales, Cardiff and
National Museum of Wales dated to crannog to the 9th century AD with dendro
date of AD859.
Excavation Dumbleton, E
N / 1868-70(/ /) -
Excavation NMW/UoW /
1987-93(/ /) -
Burnham, H, 1995;
Campbell, E, Lane, A & Redknap, M, 1990; Davies, J, 1999; Dumbleton, E N,
1870; Fox, C, 1926; Gaimster, D R M, Margeson, S & Barry, T, 1989;
Gaimster, D R M, Margeson, S & Hurley, M, 1990; Lane, A & Campbell, E,
1988; Nenk, B S, Margeson, S & Hurley, M, 1991; Nenk, B S, Margeson, S
& Hurley, M, 1992; Nenk, B S, Margeson, S & Hurley, M, 1993; RCAHMW,
1997; Redknap, M, 1991; Redknap, M, 1992; Redknap, M, 1993; Redknap, M, 2000;
Redknap, M & Lane, A, 1994; Redknap, M, Campbell, E & Lane, A, 1989;
Rees, S E, 1997; Sims-Williams, P, 1993; Thomas, C, 1994;
Monument (by form)
Offa's Dyke - Ffridd Road, Knighton , Powys
Section of dyke
excavated 1976 showed bank to be of simple dump construction topped by
progressively coarser material derived from ditch. (CPAT SMR PRN 17233)
Excavation CPAT / 1976(/
/) -
Allen, D , 1988 ;
Silvester, R J , 1994 ;
Offa's Dyke - New Cut Argae, Llandrinio , Powys
Section through Offa's
Dyke revealed during Argae rebuilding works by the NRA. C14 date of 52060BP
(Beta 96093) was
obtained from a wood sample from the ditch fill. Environmental analysis
indicated widespread oak and hazel forest in the vicinity of the catchment of
the river Severn with a lesser component including heathers and herb pollen
(CPAT SMR PRN 33874)
Excavation EAS /
1996(01/03/96) -
Brooks, I P , 1997 ;
Engineering Archaeological Services Ltd , 1996 ; Engineering Archaeological
Services Ltd , 1996 ;
Religious, Ritual
and Funerary
Four Crosses Barrow
Cemetery, site 2, Llandysilio, Powys
Remains of iron javelin
and iron spearhead originally set upright in bronze age barrow. Probably C6th
or C7th. Inserted inhumation opposite may be of similar date (CPAT SMR PRN
50528)
Excavation CPAT / 1984(/
/) -
Barford, P M, Owen, W G
& Britnell, W J, 1986; Warrilow, W, Owen, G & Britnell, W, 1986;
Pennant Melangell Church, Llangynog, Powys
Evidence for pre-church
activity includes a ditch running beneath the church and several early graves.
6th/8th century bead. C14 dates (CPAT SMR PRN 50678)
Britnell, B, 1990;
Britnell, W J, 1994; Nenk, B S, Margeson, S & Hurley, M, 1991;
Tandderwen Cropmark Complex, Denbigh, Denbighshire
Series of square plan
cropmark ditches shown to be early medieval barrow cemetery on excavation.
C6th. C14 dates. Overlies bronze age cemetery
(CPAT SMR PRN 101905)
Excavation CPAT / 1987(/
/) -
Excavation CPAT / 1988(/
/) -
Brassil, K, 1985;
Brassil, K, 1991; Brassil, K & Owen, W G, 1987; Brassil, K & Owen, W G,
1988; Brassil, K S & Meredith, P J, 1986; Brassil, K S & Meredith, P J,
1986; Brassil, K S, Owen, W G & Britnell, W J, 1991; Denison, S, 1999;
Longley, D & Richards, A, 1999; Owen, W G, 1992;
Trelystan Round Barrows (Early Christian burials), Trewern, Powys
Five adult and two child
inhumation graves (on eastern side of barrow I). No firm dating evidence but
probably Early Christian (CPAT SMR PRN 50646)
Excavation CPAT / 1979(/
/) -
Britnell, W, 1982;