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A Research Framework for the Archaeology of Wales
East and
North East Wales Archaeological Resource Audit
Section 3: Environmental Data
The following environmental data
are derived from Cadw's Environmental Database for Wales (with six additional
records derived from the SMR), curated by Astrid Caseldine of the University of
Wales College Lampeter. The summary
table and map (arranged by the ‘primary’ period of their site of origin) are
followed by lists of sites yielding environmental data supplied with the
database. The list of C14 dates relates only to this environmental work - for
other C14 dating see section 2.
List of
C14 dates from Palaeoenvironmental sites
The dates listed below are largely from pollen columns
but a few dates arefrom deposits for which there is no associated pollen
evidence.
Abercynafon
Series 165
77-78 GrN-24417 5350±50 BP
63-64 GrN-24416 5230±50 BP
56-58 GrN-24415 4940±50 BP
49-51 GrN-24414 4720±40 BP
27-29 GrN-24413 3980±40 BP
12-13 GrN-24412 3190±40 BP
Series 171
77.5-78.5 GrN-24651 4300±60 BP
41.5-42.5 GrN-24650 2920±40 BP
17.5-18.5 GrN-24649 2060±80 BP
Aled Isaf
Charcoal base of Bs horizon 5810±150
Iron Pan 1420±60
Wood base Oh 4010±120
Oh horizon 580±?
Soil profiles 2 and 3
Charcoal AA15213 7365±65
Iron Pan AA15209 1585±50
Iron Pan AA15210 1955±50
Iron Pan AA15211 1930±50
pyrophosphate extraction
Iron Pan AA1512 1315±50
HCl extraction
Of layer AA15214 1265±60
Berwyn Mtn Series
Moel Sych
143-144 UB-997 1595±40
Y Godor II
240-241.5 UB-1000 3580±80
142-143 UB-998 1995±40
35-36 UB-999 195±40
Brecon Beacons
CAR 4380±70
CAR 4090±70
CAR 3430±50
CAR 2875±75
CAR 2870±80
CAR 2340±65
CAR 2065±70
CAR 1855±80
CAR 470±65
Breiddin
CAR-159 14560±210
CAR-158 8510±100
CAR-157 6900±90
CAR-143 4420±70
CAR-142 3250±70
CAR-141 3150±70
CAR-140 2970±60
CAR-139 2810±60
CAR-381 2440±70
CAR-138 2390±60
CAR-137 2280±60
CAR-383 2210±60
CAR-382 1020±60
Brynian Gleision
Basal SRR-2224 16820±500
SRR-2223 12980±80
SRR-2222 14160±170
Bwlch-yr-Fign
Peatinitiation Birm-902 8330±120
Caersws
325 Beta-128622 4720±80
250 Beta-128621 4510±70
Caerwys B
Q-2376 11725±120
Q-2396 9840±100
BM-1736R 8100±180
Carnwedd Wen
Base of primary pedogenic peat 3630±50
Carneddau
1
22.5 CAR-1244 1790±70
3
115 CAR-1240 4710±80
75 CAR-1239 3120±70
22.5 CAR-1238 1880±70
9 CAR-1237 510±60
5
65 CAR-1243 3450±70
27.5 CAR-1242 1960±70
12.5 CAR-1241 350±60
Cefn Mawr Bog
399-402 SRR-5056 6175±50
374-377 SRR-5055 4520±50
311-314 SRR-5054 4475±50
293-296 SRR-5053 4075±55
264-267 SRR-5052 3530±55
255-258 SRR-5051 3515±50
231-233 SRR-5050 2805±50
217-220 SRR-5049 2445±50
72-75 SRR-5048 580±50
48-51 SRR-5047 395±45
Craig Cerrig Gleisiad
10860±70
Coed Taf
A
CAR 1435±55
CAR 1195±50
CAR 470±65
CAR 140±50
CAR 70±55
B
CAR 1630±80
CAR 1310±70
CAR 1540±60
C
CAR-88 6685±110
CAR-89 6645±85
CAR 6120±80
CAR 4615±65
CAR 2985±45
Corn Du
Core 1
46.5-47.5 CAR-1549 2500±70
3-4 CAR-1548 Modern
Core 2
49-50 CAR-1540 4710±70
0-1 CAR-1539 630±60
Core 3
49-50 CAR-1542 6210±70
30.5-31.5 SWA-4 3870±60
0-1 CAR-1541 3890±60
Craig-y-Fro
10030±100
Cwm Milan
SRR-2225 9620±100
Ddol
Q-2343 9780±200
Q-1533 6260±120
Fenns' Moss
A
42-44 Q-933 745±90
38-40 Q-932 655±90
B
Below recurrence surface Q-435 ?
Above recurrence surface Q434 1670±110
Garthgwinion*
Base of 0.9m peat SSR-151 6894±60
layer over soliflucted gravel
Base of 0.44m silty SSR-153 5395±40
peat over soliflucted gravel
As above SSR-152 5473±40
Base of 0.6m silty SSR-150 4104±55
peat over soliflucted gravel
As above SSR-149 4159±55
0.9m in 1.06-1.22m SSR-148 3270±45
band of silty peat
Lenses c 0.9m in SSR-147 2937±55
stoneless clay/silt
Glaspwll, Machynlleth*
wood 0.91m below IGS
C-14/131 5345±100
top of peat
plant remains from IGS
C-14/132 11430±160
diatomaceous silt
peat below silty IGS
C-14/133 7515±100
gravel
Llangorse Lake
900m N ofstream
310-314 SSR-130 2410±60
240-244 SSR-129 1790±60
500m N of stream
302-306 SSR-132 2508±70
255-259 SSR-131 1681±60
1980 core
SRR-2384 8720±80
SRR-2383 8150±90
SRR-2382 4140±80
SRR-2381 4380±80
SRR-2380 3240±70
SRR-2379 3080±80
Maes y Fin
SRR-2226 10050±120
MelinDulas, Machynlleth*
wood from peat DDR-140 3330±45
Milltir Cerrig
Base of primary
pedogenic peat 2600±50
Nant Helen, Mynydd y Drum
NHP
CAR-1149 8030±80
CAR-1148 6400±90
CAR-1147 5480±80
CAR-1146 5080±90
CAR-1145 4310±80
CAR-1144 3310±90
CAR-1151 2570±70
CAR-1150 1820±70
NHW
CAR-1155 6240±60
CAR-1154 4940±80
CAR-1153 4350±70
CAR-1152 3480±70
Newton*
Wood from river GU-667 885±83
gravel
Pantybedw, Machynlleth*
1.28-1.38 m SSR-137 3609±40
wood depth.92m SSR-138 3345±40
wood 0-0.61m SSR-139 1835±40
Pen y Fan
Core 1
Base CAR-1366 6340±90
29.75-30.5 CAR-1538 6530±70
17-18.5 CAR-1537 4830±60
3-5 SWA-1 4160±80
Core 3
23-25 SWA-3 6680±90
0-1 SWA-2 3770±80
Prestatyn, Nant Hall Road
NHRA
144-148 CAR-1427 4900±80 BP
2.68-2.64m OD
93-96 CAR-1485 4960±70 BP
3.3303.36m OD
68-73 CAR-1425 4230±80 BP
3.44-3.39m OD
38-41 CAR-1484 2520±70 BP
3.88-3.91m OD
NHRC
79-81 CAR-1426 4960±80 BP
3.66-3.64m OD
35-37 CAR-1483 4340±70 BP
4.43-4.45m OD
18-20 CAR-1482 2980±60 BP
4.60-4.62m OD
Prestatyn, Melyd Avenue
7.54-7.56mOD CAR-1417 9830±110 BP
7.99-8.02m OD CAR-1489 3180±60 BP
8.79-8.83m OD CAR-1488 2050±60 BP
9.01-9.03m OD CAR-1487 1910±60 BP
Rheidol*
wood (Quercus) GU-668 647±136
gravel on R. bed
Rhyl
Hv4348 4725±65
Tommy Jones's Pillar
139-140 SWA-10 4130±80
125.5-126.5 SWA-9 3270±70
112.5-113.5 SWA-8 2870±60
85.5-86.5 SWA-7 2340±70
43.5-44.5 SWA-6 1580±70
7.5-8.5 SWA-5 680±60
Traeth Mawr
SRR-1562 11600±140
SRR-1561 10620±100
SRR-1560 9970±115
Uwychygarreg, Machynlleth*
From basal 0.08m IGS
C-14/103 5570±100
(St3834)
0.84m above base IGS
C-14/104 4065±100
(St3827)
122m above base IGS
C-14/105 3640±100
(St3818)
Vale of Clwyd, Plas Llwyd
14.02 SRR-2508 9610±50
-9.54 m OD
10.67 SRR-2508 11420±80
-6.19m OD
Vale of Clwyd, Woodlands
12.95-12.88 SRR-2511 8540±70
-9.15 to -9.08 m OD
12.88-12.73 SRR-2510 8170±70
-9.08 to -8.93 m OD
10.67 SRR-2643 15070±320
-6.87 m OD
6.44-6.51 SRR-2642 8480±60
-2.64 to -2.71 m OD
Waun Fach
S
4830±55
?2835±115
1550±75