A Research Framework for the Archaeology of Wales

East and North East Wales Archaeological Resource Audit

 

Section 3:  Environmental Data

 

The following environmental data are derived from Cadw's Environmental Database for Wales (with six additional records derived from the SMR), curated by Astrid Caseldine of the University of Wales College Lampeter.  The summary table and map (arranged by the ‘primary’ period of their site of origin) are followed by lists of sites yielding environmental data supplied with the database. The list of C14 dates relates only to this environmental work - for other C14 dating see section 2. 

 

 

List of sites yielding Environmental Evidence

Broad categories of evidence are indicated. Animal bone mayinclude bird and fish bone, plant macrofossils includes carbonized and/or waterlogged plant remains and soil studies may include phosphate, soil micromorphology etc . Full details and references will appear in Environmental Archaeology in Wales 2nd edition

 

Palaeolithic

 

Pontnewydd

Animal bone.

Cefn Caves

Animal bone.

Tremeirchion Caves

Animal bone.

Breiddin

Pollen, sediment.

Selected pollen sites

Traeth Mawr

 

Mesolithic

 

Aled Isaf

Soil studies, pollen.

Breiddin

Pollen, plant macrofossils, insects, sediment.

Prestatyn, Nant Hall Road

Animal bone, pollen, plant macrofossils, charcoal id., molluscs.

Rhuddlan

Hazelnuts, charcoal id *intrusive.update

Rough Close, Walton Basin

Charcoal id.

Waun-Fignen-Felen

Pollen

 

Neolithic

 

Abercynafon

Pollen, plant macrofossils, wood id, dendrochronology, insects.

Breiddin

Pollen. plant macrofossils, insects, sediments.

Bryderwen

Hazelnuts.

Caersws Roman Road

Mid-Holocene pollen record.

Dyserth Castle

Animal bone, plant macrofossil, molluscs.

Four Crosses

Animal bone, charcoal id.

Gwaenysgor

Animal bone, molluscs.

Gwernvale

Animal bone, plant macrofossils, soil studies.

Hendre

Hazelnuts.

Llanelwedd

Pollen

Lower Luggy

Charcoal id.

Mynedd Troed

Hazelnuts, pollen, soil studies.

Ogof Colomendy

Animal bone.

Pipton

Charcoal id.

Penywyrlod

Animal bone, molluscs.

Prestatyn, Nant Hall Road

Animal bone, pollen, plant macrofossils, charcoal id., molluscs.

Trelystan

Plant macrofossils, charcoal id., soil studies.

Ty Isaf

Animal bone, molluscs.

Upper Ninepence, Walton

Pollen, plant macrofossils, charcoal id., soil studies, residueanalysis.

 

Bronze Age

 

Breiddin

Pollen, plant macrofossils, insects, sediments.

Brenig

Animal bone, pollen, wood, soil studies.

Carneddau

Pollen, plant macrofossils, soil studies.

Cefn Caer Euni

Animal bone, charcoal id., soil studies.

Collfryn

Charcoal id.

Corn Du

Pollen, plant macrofossils, insects.

Dyserth Castle

Animal bone, plant macrofossils, molluscs.

Fan-y-Big

Grain impression

Four Crosses

Pollen, plant macrofossils, charcoal id.

Glanfeinion

Animal bone, plant macrofossils, charcoal id.

Graig Fechan

Pollen, hazelnuts, charcoal id., soil studies.

Llong, Mold

Animal bone.

Pennant Melangell

Plant macrofossils, charcoal id.

Pen-y-fan

Pollen, plant macrofossils, wood id.,insects.

Rhuddlan

Animal bone, plant macrofossil, charcoal id.

Trelystan

Plant macrofossils, charcoal id., soil studies.

Twyn Bryn Glas

Soil studies.

Hindwell Ash, Walton Basin

Charcoal id.

 

Upper Ninepence, Walton Basin

Plant macrofossils, soil studies.

Ysgwennant

Chrcoal id., soil studies.

Ystrad Hynod

Charcoal id.

 

Iron Age and Romano-British

 

Abercynafon

Pollen, plant macrofossils, wood id.

Ardleen

Plant macrofossils, charcoal id.

Breiddin

Pollen, plant macrofossils, insects, sediments.

Broad Heath, Presteigne

Plant macrofossils.

Caersws

Plant macrofossils

Collfryn

Animal bone, plant macrofossils, charcoal id., wood id., soilstudies.

Cwmberllan

Charcoal id.

Dinorben

Animal bone, plant macrofossils, molluscs.

Four Crosses

Animal bone, plant macrofossils, charcoal id., insects.

Fridd Falwyn Camp

Animal bone, charcoal id.

Llwyn Bryn Dinas

Plant macrofossils, charcoal id.

Lynx Cave

Animal bone.

Maeshafen Cave

Animal bone.

Moel Hirradug

Plant macrofossils.

Moel y Gaer

Pollen.

Mount Pleasant

Plant macrofossils, charcoal id.

Newtown

Plant macrofossils.

Prestatyn, Melyd Avenue

Animal bone, plant macrofossils, wood id and tree-ring studies,dendrochronology, geology.

Rhuddlan

Animal bone.

Twyn-y-Gaer

Charcoal id.

Hindwell 1, Walton

Plant macrofossils, charcoal id.

Knapp Farm, Walton

Charcoal id.

Upper Ninepence, Walton

Plant macrofossils, charcoal id.

 

Dark Age, Medieval and Post-Medieval

 

Breiddin

Pollen

Caergwle Castle

Animal bone.

Caergwle Hill

Pollen.

Capel Maelog

Plant macrofossils.

Collfryn

Plant macrofossils.

Dolforwyn Castle

Animal bone.

Dyserth Castle

Animal bone.

Hafod y Nant Criafolen

Animal bone, charcoal id.

Hen Domen

Animal bone, pollen, plant macrofossils, insects.

Llanagar Church

Wood id., molluscs, seeds/veg.

Llangorse

Pollen, plant macrofossils, wood id., dendrochronology, molluscs.

Medieval platform

Pollen.

Montgomery Castle

Animal bone, charcoal id., wood id., molluscs, insects.

New Radnor

Plant macrofossils, charcoal id.

Pennant Melangell

Charcoal id.

Rhuddlan

Animal bone, pollen, plant macrofossil, charcoal id., molluscs.

Sycharth Castle

Pollen, charcoal id., soil studies.

Talgarth

Plant macrofossils

Ty Mawr

Animal bone, pollen, plant macrofossil, charcoal id.,dendrochronology.

Valle Crucis Abbey

Animal bone, charcoal id., wood id.