A Research Framework for the Archaeology of Wales
Southeast Wales – Early Prehistoric, key sites
22/12/2003
Neolithic
Domestic
Enclosure with evidence for flint-working
Owen-John 1988
CEFN GLAS (SN932024)
Late Neolithic hut floor dated to 4110-70 BP.
Late Neolithic flints have been found at this site. Excavated 1973
Unpublished: see Grimes 1984
PEN-Y-BONT, OGMORE (SS863756)
Pottery, hearth and flints
Hamilton and Aldhouse-Green 1998; 1999;
Gibson 1998
MOUNT PLEASANT, NEWTON NOTTAGE (SS83387985)
Hut, hearth, pottery
Savory 1952; RCAHMW 1976a
CEFN CILSANWS HUT SITE (SO02480995)
Hut consisting of 46 stake holes found under
cairn. The hut contained fragments of Mortlake style Peterborough Ware and
flint flakes
Webley 1958; RCAHMW 1997
CEFN BRYN 10 (GREAT CARN) SAM Gml96
(SS49029055)
Trench, pit, posthole and hearth associated
with Peterborough ware and worked flint; found under cairn.
Ward 1987
CEFN BRYN BURIAL CHAMBER (NICHOLASTON) SAM
Gml67 (SS50758881)
Partly excavated chambered tomb, with an
orthostatic chamber surviving in a roughly central position in what remains of
a long mound. The mound was made up peaty soil and stone fragments, and no trace of
an entrance passage was found. The
chamber had
been robbed at some time before the excavation.
Williams 1940, 178-81
CEFN DRUM CHAMBERED TOMB (SN61360453,)
Discovered during the course of the
excavation of a deserted medieval settlement on Cefn Drum. A
pear-shaped chamber of coursed rubble construction, with an attached orthostatic passage ending in a pit in
the mouth of a hornwork and containing cremated bone and charcoal, were identified within the
remains of a mound with some
stone kerbing.
Phillips et
al 2000
HESTON BRAKE CHAMBERED TOMB SAM Mm 18
(ST50528866)
Chambered tomb consisting of a mound
containing two interconnected chambers. Excavation in 1888 recovered human and cattle bones and a small
amount of pottery Grimes 1951, 159
PARC
LE BREOS (PARC
CWM) CHAMBERED TOMB
SAM Gml22 (SS53728983)
Severn-Cotswold passage grave with two chambers on either side of
the main gallery set in a rubble mound with a
revetment wall, which opens to form a narrow bell-shaped forecourt at the entrance to the gallery.
Contained human bone and Neolithic pottery
Atkinson 1961; Daniel 1937; Whittle and Wysocki 1998
THORNWELL FARM LONG
BARROW SAM Mm 206 (ST53959167)
Severn-Cotswold
tomb, consisting of a n oval mound with a drystone revetment, in which three chambers
were revealed by excavation. Contained articulated and disarticulated human
bones, pottery and flint etc.
GGAT
1991
TINKINSWOOD LONG CAIRN SAM Gm 9 (ST09217331)
Severn-Cotswold tomb consisting of a rubble
mound with a revetment wall opening to form a funnel-shaped forecourt, behind which
is the main chamber; there is a second chamber in the middle of the north
half of the cairn. Contained disarticulated human bone, animal bone and pottery.
Ward 1915; 1916
NEWTON, RHOSSILI (SS44608819)
Cropmark/henge RCAHMW1976a, 41-2
Early Bronze Age
Domestic
COLTS HILL (SS60578875)
Ring of postholes and hearth under barrow indicated a circular
hut. Pottery.
Savory 1972
BISHOPSTON BURCH (SS57189098)
Round barrow; primary burial cremation of a
child; evidence of secondary burials.
Pottery, charcoal ID (Roman period). Later
reuse of site dated to Roman period by
pottery.
Williams 1944, 57-62
BREACH FARM NORTHWEST 2 SAM Gm 104b (SS96957378)
Round barrow of turf and clay mound, internal
kerb; central cremation.
Pottery,
flints, sandstone, copper alloy
implements. Archive in NMGW.
Grimes 1938; Fox 1959, 91-7
BURRY HOLMS CAIRN SAM Gm88 (SS39849262)
Round cairn within promontory fort; contained
primary cremation burial.
?Pottery,
copper alloy pin
1925/BBCS vol II p389 (?H. David and T.C.
Lethbridge)
CEFN BRYN 10 (GREAT CARN) SAM Gml96 (SS49029055)
Round cairn with internal kerb and pit with
cremation. Overlay a Neolithic structure.
Ward 1987
COLTS HILL, NEWTON (SS60578875)
Round barrow with primary burial pit, and three cists against an
internal kerb; over an Early Bronze Age hut
Savory 1969;1972
COWBRIDGE (SS99197478)
Structure in Westgate Street area, underlying Roman occupation;
the remains of either a roundhouse or a round barrow. Area excavation; no
associated finds.
Valentin and Robinson 2001
CRICK ROUND BARROW SAM Mm 151 (ST48449025)
Round barrow with ditch and internal kerb, including cup-marked
stones; primary cremation without grave goods near centre; secondary
cremation dug through from top
of mound. Flints.
Archive in NMGW
Savory 1940
CRUG YR AFAN SAM Gm233 (SS92039544)
Round barrow consisting of earth mound over or containing a cist,
surmounted by cairn and surrounded by ditch. Pollen analysis.
Crampton 1967; Griffiths 1903, 122-4, plates
3-4
GARN GOCH SAM Gml99 (SS60559807)
Round cairn with internal kerb; primary
burial in centre; secondary burials include
seven stone cists; total of nine
urns found, other pottery and flints. Some of finds in Swansea Museum.
Llewelyn 1855
GRAIG DDU CAIRN
(SO28452645)
Round cairn with
central cist. Pottery, flint.
Jones 1981
Ring cairn; pit with cremated bone and charcoal in interior.
Flints. Radiocarbon dates
Ward 1988
GREAT CARN RING CAIRN 2 (CEFN BRYN)
(SS49089075)
Ring cairn with inner kerb; internal pit
with charcoal. Flint. Radiocarbon date
Ward 1988
MALBOROUGH GRANGE SOUTH SS97357351)
Round barrow of turf and clay with kerb;
primary cremation near centre. Two secondary cremation burials. Pottery,
plant macro fossils, charcoal ID.
Archive in
NMGW
Savory 1969
MOUNT PLEASANT, NEWTON DOWN (SS83357959)
Round cairn with ditch and earthen core;
primary cremation in central pit; secondary
cremation at edge. Pottery.
Archive in NMGW
Savory 1952
MYNYDD TWMPATHYDDAER
(SS84278054)
Round barrow covering crouched inhumation.
Grimes 1928
MYNYDD-Y-GELLI RING CAIRN SAM Gm354
(SS97579397)
Round barrow, originally having a
near-circular ring of inward-leaning retaining stones set on a wall of
laid stones with three abutting 'cist-like structures' and an internal cist.
Griffiths 1906
NAABOTH'S VINEYARD 1 SAM Gm346
(ST00668069)
Round barrow;
rectangular cist with crouched inhumation. Pottery.
Nash-Williams 1903
NANT MADEN SAM Brl56 (SN97081058)
Round cairn with internal kerb and D-shaped
internal structure surrounding central pit; four secondary cremations.
Pottery; pollen analysis.
RCAHMW 1997
PENNARD BURCH (SS56759136)
Round barrow of turf and clay with internal
stone ring retained by inner kerb, and outer stone ring; central cist with
primary burial.
Williams 1944,53-57
PENTRE FARM, PONTARDULAIS (SN59130263)
Round barrow consisting of earthen mound
surmounted by a penannular ring of stones
and covered by
a stone cap;
three token deposits
of cremated bone.
Radiocarbon dates. Later reuse of site dated to Roman period by
C14.
Ward 1975
POND CAIRN (SS91548119)
Round cairn;
small cairn over primary central cremation and initial secondary cremation,
covered by turf stack encircled (leaving a gap) by stone ring with inner and
outer kerbs; ring then breached,
fire pit dug in gap between ring and turf stack, and a deposit of stone made over the top. Pottery; animal bone,
plant macrofossils, charcoal
ID. Later reuse of site dated to Roman period by pottery.
Fox 1959, 105-7
PWLL SWIL TUMULUS (SS85577686)
Round barrow of sand with a stone outer
surface and a stone kerb; central cist with
crouched inhumation; three
secondary cists with crouched inhumations.
Pottery;
?flint.
Ward 1919, 330-6
RILEY'S TUMULUS (SS85097707)
Round barrow of sand with two stone cists containing
crouched inhumations; also three secondary crouched inhumations
without cists.
Ward 1919, 336-47
ROBERTS'S CIST BURIAL SAM Gm432 (SS85917704)
Cist with inhumation, originally probably
covered by round barrow. No datable material, possibly Iron Age by
association with Burrows Well settlement.
Savory 1948
SHEEPLAYS 279 FT (SS96007204)
Round barrow of turf with ditch and external
stone kerb, and inner circle of stakes; two central cremations, one slightly
later than the other.
Fox 1951, 143-8
SHEEPLAYS 293 FT (SS96027200)
Round barrow of earth and turf incorporating
four concentric circles of stake-holes, central cremation and four secondary
cremations.
Pottery, flint, copper alloy.
Archive in NMW
Fox 1959, 129-43.
SIMONDSTON CAIRN (SS92378088)
Round cairn; central cist (incorporating cup-marked stones)
contained two urns, each with two cremations; five secondary
cremations.
Pottery, flint, copper alloy pin, animal
bone.
Fox 1959, 78-89
SIX WELLS 267 FT (SS95577162)
Round barrow of turf overlying stakeholes,
including examples forming a ring. No evidence for burials.
Fox 1959, 148-56
SIX WELLS 271 FT (SS95597189)
Round barrow of turf covering central pit with
no evidence for burial, and circle of stakeholes; secondary cremation in
cist.
Fox 1959, 156-74
SUTTON 268 FT (SS95067226)
Round barrow with ditch and stone outer kerb, later enlarged;
overlies cairn built over cist with primary crouched inhumation;
five secondary cremation burials in first barrow, two in second. Pottery, flints, bone object.
Fox 1959, 62-70,97-105
THE TWMPATH (GOLDEN MILE BARROW)
(SS95547616)
Round barrow overlying central stone platform
surrounded by a kerb and associated with thirteen primary cremation
burials; four secondary cremation burials. Pottery, flint, bone needle and beads, copper
alloy frags.
Fox 1959, 181
THORNWELL SAM Mm 206
(ST53989167)
Round barrow ; trial
trenching revealed stone kerb. GGAT 1991
TREODA CASTLE MOUND (PHASE I) (ST15608040)
Round barrow in earth and turf with ditch,
over small central rectangular setting of
stones; no evidence for burial.
Pottery.
Knight and Talbot 1971, 14-6
TWMPATH DIWLITH (SS83228879)
Round barrow of turf enlarged with earth,
over cist containing primary cremation burial; secondary burial.
Fox and Fox 1934
TWYN BRYN GLAS (SN98461172)
Round cairn, initially with boat-shaped kerb;
rebuilt twice, the second time enlarged to a circular plan; primary cremation
burial; two secondary burials, each associated with successive rebuilds. Pottery.
Webley 1962
VIANSHILL (ST10717401)
Round barrow with ditch; later enlarged
keeping same form. No definite evidence for
burial. Flints.
Savory 1966
WELSH ST DONATS ROUND BARROW 1 SAM Gm 390A
(ST04117495)
Round barrow of turf and earth overlying
cremation burial in central pit, two crouched inhumations, a second cremation
cutting one of the inhumations, and an empty cist; barrow enlarged and provided
(at least partly) with a kerb; small semi-circular cairn overlying a cremation
burial added, also another secondary burial.
Pottery, flints, plant macrofossils.
Later reuse of site dated to Roman period by pottery.
Ehrenberg et al 1982
CANDLESTON CASTLE CIST SAM Gm432 (SS86727726)
Cist containing cremation burial; no
evidence for barrow or cairn.
Pottery, copper alloy
blade.
Ward 1919, 323-52
CAT HOLE SAM Gm 349 (SS53779002)
Disturbed inhumation burials from cave,
associated with Bronze Age pottery and possibly also with copper alloy
socketted axe.
RCAHMW 1976a, 19
CULVER HOLE, LLANGENNITH (CAVE 36m W OF THREE
CHIMNEYS) SAM Gm 87 (SS40589296)
Inhumation burials from cave; associated
finds of varying periods, including Bronze
Age pottery.
Penniman 1932
LESSER GARTH CAVE
(ST12558210)
Urns of Bronze Age
date found in cave. Hussey 1967
TOOTH CAVE SAM Gm284 (SS53179092)
Disturbed inhumation burials from cave,
associated with Early Bronze Age pottery and flints
Harvey et al 1967
STANDING STONE, MISKIN MENHIR (ST05858075)
Small standing stone set in an oval socket,
not fully excavated. Flint, whetstones.
Vyner 1977
BRIDGEND STANDING STONE SAM Gml45 (SS90207953)
Standing stone erected over the cremation of
an adult. Flint, charcoal ID. Archive in
NMGW.
Lewis 1966,250-4
CEFN CILSANWS CAIRNFIELD (SO02470990)
Cairnfield partly excavated; no evidence for
burial. No dating evidence.
Webley 1958
COLY-UCHAF CAIRNFIELD (W SIDE OF CEFN
GELLI-GAER) SAM Gm314c (SO09440307)
Cairnfield; two cairns excavated contained
wrecked and empty cists.
No dating
evidence.
Fox 1939
LLWYNCELYN CAIRN GROUP (SN93250663)
Cairnfield; five cairns excavated, no
unequivocal evidence for burial.
No dating
evidence.
Fox and Murray Threipland 1942, 77-92
PENRHIW CRADOC CAIRN GROUP (ST02839838)
Cairnfield; three cairns excavated, one with
an external kerb built over pits containing
burnt material including
unidentifiable bone; others with no evidence for burial.
Radiocarbon date.
Owen-John 1986
TWYN BRYN-HIR CAIRNFIELD (SN93770662)
Cairnfield; twelve cairns excavated; no
definite evidence for burial though cists
possible in two.
No dating evidence.
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